Amavu n'amavuko muri rusange
Ntibisanzweni igorofa ya IIIB scandium, yttrium na lanthanum mumeza yigihe.Hano haribintu l7.Isi idasanzwe ifite imiterere yihariye yumubiri nubumashini kandi yakoreshejwe cyane mubikorwa byinganda, ubuhinzi nizindi nzego.Ubuziranenge bwibintu bidasanzwe byisi bigena neza ibintu byihariye byibikoresho.Ubuziranenge butandukanye bwibikoresho bidasanzwe byisi birashobora kubyara ibikoresho byubutaka, ibikoresho bya fluorescent nibikoresho bya elegitoronike hamwe nibisabwa bitandukanye.Kugeza ubu, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ridasanzwe ryo kuvoma isi, ibinyabuzima bidasanzwe by’ubutaka bitanga icyerekezo cyiza ku isoko, kandi gutegura ibikoresho bidasanzwe by’ubutaka bidasanzwe bitanga ibisabwa cyane ku butaka bw’ubutaka budasanzwe.Cerium compound ifite intera nini yo gukoresha, kandi ingaruka zayo mubikorwa byinshi bifitanye isano nubuziranenge bwayo, ibintu bifatika nibirimo umwanda.Mugukwirakwiza ibintu bidasanzwe byisi, cerium ihwanye na 50% yubutaka budasanzwe bwisi.Hamwe no kwiyongera kwa cerium isukuye cyane, ibisabwa kubintu bitamenyerewe kubutaka bwisi kubintu bya cerium biri hejuru kandi biri hejuru.Cerium oxydeni ceric oxyde, CAS numero 1306-38-3, formula ya molekile ni CeO2, uburemere bwa molekile: 172.11;Cerium oxyde ni oxyde ihamye yibintu bidasanzwe bya cerium.Numuhondo wijimye wijimye mubushyuhe bwicyumba kandi uhinduka umwijima iyo ushyushye.Cerium oxyde ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho bya luminescent, catalizator, ifu ya polishing, UV ikingira hamwe nibindi bitewe nibikorwa byayo byiza.Mu myaka yashize, byakuruye abashakashatsi benshi.Gutegura no gukora cerium oxyde byahindutse ahantu h’ubushakashatsi mu myaka yashize.
Inzira yumusaruro
Uburyo bwa 1: Koresha ubushyuhe bwicyumba, ongeramo sodium hydroxide yumuti wa 5.0mol / L kuri cerium sulfate yumuti wa 0.1mol / L, uhindure agaciro ka pH kugirango urenze 10, kandi reaction yimvura iraba.Imyanda yaravomwe, yozwa inshuro nyinshi n'amazi ya deionion, hanyuma yumishwa mu ziko 90 for amasaha 24.Nyuma yo gusya no kuyungurura (ubunini buke buri munsi ya 0.1mm), cerium oxyde iraboneka igashyirwa ahantu humye kugirango ibike neza.Uburyo bwa 2: Gufata cerium chloride cyangwa niteri ya cerium nkibikoresho fatizo, guhindura agaciro ka pH kuri 2 hamwe namazi ya amoniya, ukongeramo oxalate kugirango ugabanye cerium oxyde, nyuma yo gushyushya, gukiza, gutandukana no gukaraba, gukama kuri 110 ℃, hanyuma ugatwika kuri cerium oxyde kuri 900 ~ 1000 ℃.Cerium oxyde irashobora kuboneka mugushyushya imvange ya cerium oxyde na poro ya karubone kuri 1250 ℃ mukirere cya monoxyde de carbone.
Gusaba
Cerium Oxide ikoreshwa mubyongeweho inganda zikora ibirahure, ibikoresho byo gusya ibirahuri, kandi byageze no mubirahure bisya ibirahuri, lens optique, kinescope, guhumeka, gusobanura, ikirahuri cyimirasire ya ultraviolet no kwinjiza insinga za elegitoroniki, nibindi.Ikoreshwa kandi nka anti-reflektor ya lens ya eyeglass, na cerium ikoreshwa mugukora cerium titanium umuhondo kugirango ikirahuri cyoroshye umuhondo.Imbere ya okiside yisi idasanzwe igira uruhare runini muburyo bwo gutondeka no kuranga ibirahuri byububiko muri sisitemu ya CaO-MgO-AI2O3-SiO2.Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi byerekana ko kongeramo imbere ya okiside ikwiye ari ingirakamaro mu kunoza ingaruka zogusobanura amazi yikirahure, gukuraho ibibyimba, gukora imiterere yikirahure, no kunoza imiterere yubukanishi no kurwanya alkali yibikoresho.Umubare mwiza wongeyeho cerium oxyde ni 1.5, mugihe ukoreshejwe mumashanyarazi ya ceramic hamwe ninganda za elegitoronike nka piezoelectric ceramic penetrant.Irakoreshwa kandi mugukora catalizator yibikorwa byinshi, itara rya gaz itwikiriye, ecran ya X-ray fluorescent (cyane cyane ikoreshwa mumashanyarazi ya lens).Ifu idasanzwe ya cerium polishing ifu ikoreshwa cyane muri kamera, lens kamera, TELEVISION yerekana amashusho, lens, nibindi.Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mu nganda zikirahure.Cerium oxyde na dioxyde ya titanium irashobora gukoreshwa hamwe kugirango ikirahure kibe umuhondo.Cerium oxyde yo gushushanya ibirahuri ifite ibyiza byo gukora neza mubushyuhe bwo hejuru, igiciro gito kandi nta kwinjiza urumuri rugaragara.Byongeye kandi, cerium oxyde yongewe mubirahuri bikoreshwa mumazu no mumodoka kugirango bigabanye itara rya ultraviolet.Kugirango habeho ibikoresho bidasanzwe bya luminescent, cerium oxyde yongeweho nkibikorwa byubutaka budasanzwe tri-amabara ya fosifori ikoreshwa mubikoresho bya luminescent byamatara azigama ingufu hamwe na fosifori ikoreshwa mubipimo byerekana ibyuma byerekana imishwarara.Cerium oxyde nayo ni ibikoresho fatizo byo gutegura cerium yicyuma.Mubyongeyeho, mubikoresho bya semiconductor, pigment yo murwego rwohejuru hamwe na sensibiliseri yikirahure ya sensibilisateur, ibyuma bisohora amamodoka byakoreshejwe cyane.Umusemburo wogusukura ibinyabiziga bigizwe ahanini nubuki bwikimamara ceramic (cyangwa ibyuma) hamwe nubuso bukora hejuru.Igikoresho gikora kigizwe nubuso bunini bwa gamma-trioxide, urugero rukwiye rwa oxyde ituma ubuso bugaragara, hamwe nicyuma hamwe nibikorwa bya catalitiki bikwirakwizwa muri kashe.Kugirango ugabanye Pt ihenze ya Pt, Rh, kongera dosiye ya Pd ihendutse cyane, gabanya igiciro cya catalizator utagabanije catisale yimodoka itunganya ibinyabiziga hashingiwe kubikorwa bitandukanye, bikunze gukoreshwa Pt.Pd.Gukora Rh ternary catalizatori, mubisanzwe uburyo bwo kwibiza kugirango wongere umubare munini wa cerium oxyde na lanthanum oxyde, bigize isi idasanzwe ya catalitiki ni nziza.Icyuma cyigiciro cyinshi.Okiside ya Lanthanum na cerium oxyde yakoreshejwe nk'abafasha mu kunoza imikorere ya ¦ A-Alumina yashyigikiwe na catalizike nziza.Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bubyerekana, uburyo bwa catalitike ya cerium oxyde na oxyde ya lanthanum bugamije ahanini kunoza ibikorwa bya catalitiki y’imyenda ikora, guhita uhindura igipimo cya peteroli y’umwuka na catalizike, no kunoza ubushyuhe bw’umuriro n’imbaraga za mashini zitwara.