Ni Isi idasanzwe?
Ubutaka budasanzwe, buzwi kandi nkibintu bidasanzwe byisi, bivuga ibintu 17 kumeza yibihe birimo urutonde rwa lanthanide kuva kuri atomike 57, lanthanum (La) kugeza kuri 71, lutetium (Lu), wongeyeho scandium (Sc) na yttrium (Y) .
Duhereye ku izina, umuntu ashobora gutekereza ko ibyo ari "imbonekarimwe," ariko ukurikije imyaka mike (igipimo cyibigega byemejwe n’umusaruro wumwaka) hamwe nubucucike bwacyo mubutaka bwisi, mubyukuri ni byinshi kuruta kuyobora cyangwa zinc.
Ukoresheje neza isi idasanzwe, umuntu arashobora kwitega impinduka zikomeye mubuhanga busanzwe;impinduka nkudushya twikoranabuhanga binyuze mumikorere mishya, kunoza igihe kirekire mubikoresho byubaka no kunoza ingufu zikoreshwa mumashini nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.
Ibyerekeranye na Oxide idasanzwe
Itsinda Ridasanzwe-Oxide Itsinda rimwe na rimwe ryitwa Isi idasanzwe cyangwa rimwe na rimwe nka REO.Bimwe mubyuma bidasanzwe byubutaka byavumbuye byinshi mubikorwa byisi muri metallurgie, ceramika, gukora ibirahure, amarangi, lazeri, tereviziyo nibindi bikoresho byamashanyarazi.Akamaro k'ibyuma bidasanzwe by'isi biriyongera rwose.Hagomba kwitabwaho, kimwe, ko ibikoresho byinshi bidasanzwe birimo isi hamwe ninganda zikoreshwa mu nganda ari okiside, cyangwa iboneka muri oxyde.
Kubyerekeranye ninganda nini kandi zikuze zikoreshwa na okiside yisi idasanzwe, imikoreshereze yabyo ya catalizator (nko muburyo butatu bwa catalizike yimodoka), mubikorwa bijyanye nikirahure (gukora ibirahuri, gushushanya cyangwa kurangi, gusiga ibirahuri nibindi bikorwa bifitanye isano), kandi bihoraho gukora magnesi bingana na 70% byisi ikoreshwa na oxyde yisi.Ibindi bikorwa byingenzi byinganda bireba inganda za metallurgie (zikoreshwa nk'inyongeramusaruro muri Fe cyangwa Al metal alloys), ububumbyi (cyane cyane kubijyanye na Y), porogaramu zijyanye no gucana (muburyo bwa fosifori), nkibikoresho bya batiri, cyangwa bikomeye selile ya selile, mubindi.Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, ariko ntabwo ari ngombwa, hariho uburyo buke bwo gukoresha, nko gukoresha biomedical sisitemu ya nanoparticulée irimo okiside yisi idasanzwe yo kuvura kanseri cyangwa nkibimenyetso byerekana ibibyimba, cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga yizuba kugirango arinde uruhu.
Ibyerekeye Ibidasanzwe-Isi
Isuku ryinshi Ntibisanzwe-Isi Ibicuruzwa biva mu bucukuzi bwuburyo bukurikira: kwibanda kumubiri (urugero, flotation), gutobora, kweza igisubizo mugukuramo ibishishwa, gutandukanya isi bidasanzwe kubwo gukuramo ibishishwa, imvura idasanzwe yisi.Hanyuma, ibyo bikoresho bigize karubone, hydroxide, fosifate na fluoride.
Hafi 40% yumusaruro wisi udasanzwe ukoreshwa muburyo bwibyuma - mugukora magnesi, electrode ya batiri, hamwe na alloys.Ibyuma bikozwe mubintu byavuzwe haruguru hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwahujwe numunyu wa electrowinning hamwe no kugabanya ubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe nubushyuhe bwibyuma, urugero, calcium cyangwa lanthanum.
Isi idasanzwe ikoreshwa cyane muri ibi bikurikira:
●Magnets (magnesi zigera ku 100 kuri buri modoka nshya)
Catalizator (ibyuka byoherezwa mu modoka no gucana peteroli)
Powder Ifu yerekana ibirahuri kuri televiziyo na disiki yo kubika amakuru
Bat Bateri zishobora kwishyurwa (cyane cyane kumodoka ivanze)
● Photonics (luminescence, fluorescence nibikoresho byongera urumuri)
● Magnets na fotonike biteganijwe ko biziyongera cyane mumyaka mike iri imbere
UrbanMines itanga urutonde rwuzuye rwubuziranenge hamwe na ultra high pure compound.Akamaro ka Rare Isi Yiyongera cyane mubuhanga bwinshi bwingenzi kandi ntibisimburwa mubicuruzwa byinshi nibikorwa byumusaruro.Dutanga Ibicuruzwa Bidasanzwe Byisi mubyiciro bitandukanye dukurikije ibyo buri mukiriya asabwa, bikora nkibikoresho fatizo byingirakamaro mubikorwa bitandukanye.
Ni ubuhe buryo budasanzwe-Isi ikoreshwa muri rusange?
Inganda zambere zikoreshwa mubutaka budasanzwe kwari kuri flint mumuri.Muri kiriya gihe, tekinoroji yo gutandukana no kuyinonosora ntabwo yari yaratejwe imbere, bityo hakoreshwa uruvange rwisi nyinshi zidasanzwe hamwe nibintu byumunyu cyangwa icyuma kidahinduwe (alloy).
Kuva mu myaka ya za 1960, gutandukana no gutunganywa byashobokaga kandi imitungo ikubiye muri buri isi idasanzwe yagaragaye.Mu nganda zabo, babanje gukoreshwa nka cathode-ray tube fosifore kuri tereviziyo yamabara no kuri kamera ndende.Bakomeje gutanga umusanzu mukugabanya ingano nuburemere bwa mudasobwa, kamera ya digitale, ibikoresho byamajwi nibindi binyuze mugukoresha mumashanyarazi menshi ahoraho hamwe na bateri zishishwa.
Mu myaka yashize, bagiye bitabwaho nkibikoresho fatizo bya hydrogène ikurura amavuta hamwe na magnetostriction.
